Is cholera an endemic or epidemic?
Despite being a cholera-endemic country, data on cholera in the Philippines remain sparse. Knowing the areas where cholera is known to occur and the factors that lead to its occurrence will assist in planning preventive measures and disaster mitigation.
Is cholera-endemic in the Philippines?
Cholera is endemic in the Philippines however data on cholera in the country remained sparse, until 2008 when surveillance was strengthened. Poor access to improved sanitation was associated with cholera. On the other hand despite access to improved water sources, cholera remains to be seen.
Is cholera chronic or acute disease?
Cholera is an acute diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine with Vibrio cholerae bacteria. People can get sick when they swallow food or water contaminated with cholera bacteria. The infection is often mild or without symptoms, but can sometimes be severe and life-threatening.
Is cholera-endemic in India?
Even though cholera has existed for centuries and many parts of the country have sporadic, endemic and epidemic cholera, it is still an under-recognized health problem in India.
Was there Spanish flu in the Philippines?
In 1918, the Spanish influenza pandemic did not spare the Philippines. From 1918 until 1919, it ravaged around the world affecting half of the world’s population and claiming at least 50 million individuals (Gealogo, 2009) .
What is the first pandemic in the Philippines?
On May 21, Department of Health (DOH) secretary Francisco Duque confirmed the case being the first Philippine swine flu case. The first confirmed case in the Philippines was publicly announced on May 22, 2009….
| 2009 swine flu pandemic in the Philippines | |
|---|---|
| Confirmed cases | 1,709–3,207 |
| Deaths | 8–28 |
What was the end of the Spanish flu?
February 1918 – April 1920
Spanish flu/Periods
What are the examples of pandemic?
Other examples of pandemics in recent history
- The 2009 swine flu pandemic: The flu strain that caused this outbreak, H1N1, was first identified in the U.S. in April 2009.
- The HIV/AIDS pandemic: The first cases of HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, appeared in 1981.
What’s the difference between endemic and epidemic cholera?
There is no difference in the illness caused by the two serogroups. Cholera can be endemic or epidemic. A cholera-endemic area is an area where confirmed cholera cases were detected during the last 3 years with evidence of local transmission (meaning the cases are not imported from elsewhere).
Where are cholera cases found in the world?
Cholera Cases. Spatial distribution of the burden of cholera in endemic countries are shown in Fig 2. Countries with estimates of more than 100,000 cases annually include: India, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Haiti, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, Kenya, and Bangladesh (for country-level estimates, see Table 2 ).
Is there a cholera epidemic in the Dominican Republic?
In October 2010, a large cholera epidemic began in Haiti and spread to the Dominican Republic and Cuba; it is now endemic at much lower levels in Haiti and the Dominican Republic, though small outbreaks still occur. Sporadic cases associated with travel to or from cholera-affected countries in Asia and Africa continue to occur.
How does the ECDC monitor cholera outbreaks?
ECDC monitors cholera outbreaks globally through epidemic intelligence activities in order to identify significant changes in epidemiology and to inform public health authorities. Reports are published on a monthly basis. Several countries in Africa and Asia have reported cholera outbreaks.