What is an example of a clandestine operation?
Until the 1970s, clandestine operations were primarily political in nature, generally aimed at assisting groups or nations favored by the sponsor. Examples include U.S. intelligence involvement with German and Japanese war criminals after World War II.
What is the purpose of clandestine operations?
An operation sponsored or conducted by governmental departments or agencies in such a way as to assure secrecy or concealment.
What are the elements of clandestine operation?
Among them are that clandestine operations: 1) require a management and coordination process that, on a large scale, becomes cumbersome and bureaucratic; 2) require a tight focus for long term planning; 3) must overcome the human tendency of clandestine operators and managers to do that which is easiest rather than …
What is an example of covert action?
Historic examples of covert action include the CIA’s orchestration of the 1953 coup in Iran; the 1961 Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba; the Vietnam-era secret war in Laos; and support to both the Polish Solidarity labor union in the 1970s and 1980s and to the Mujahidin in Afghanistan during the 1980s.
Who approves covert operations?
the CIA
Normally, the CIA is the U.S. government agency legally allowed to carry out covert action. The CIA’s authority to conduct covert action comes from the National Security Act of 1947. President Ronald Reagan issued Executive Order 12333 titled United States Intelligence Activities in 1984.
How are spies recruited?
Background research is conducted on the potential agent to identify any ties to a foreign intelligence agency, select the most promising candidates and approach method. Obvious candidates are staff officers under diplomatic cover, or officers under nonofficial contact, have routine contact.
What is meaning of covert operations?
An operation planned and executed as to conceal the identity of, or permit plausible denial by, the sponsor.
What is the main purpose of covert action?
503 (e), covert action is, “An activity or activities of the United States Government to influence political, economic, or military conditions abroad, where it is intended that the role of the United States Government will not be apparent or acknowledged publicly.” Proper covert actions are undertaken because …
What is the role of covert action?
In the modern era, the role of covert action will be to control, influence, and counter threats such as nuclear proliferation, global organized crime, information warfare, and openly hostile foreign governments.
Are covert operations legal?
Normally, the CIA is the U.S. government agency legally allowed to carry out covert action. The CIA’s authority to conduct covert action comes from the National Security Act of 1947. This order defined covert action as “special activities”, both political and military, that the US Government could legally deny.
What is a covert act?
noun. a secret action undertaken to influence the course of political events, as a government intelligence operation. Also called covert operation.
Which is the best definition of clandestine operation?
clandestine operation — An operation sponsored or conducted by governmental departments or agencies in such a way as to assure secrecy or concealment. See also covert operation; overt operation.
What does clandestine mean in World War 2?
As noted in the definition (which has been used by the United States and NATO since World War II) in a covert operation the identity of the sponsor is concealed, while in a clandestine operation the operation itself is concealed. Put differently, clandestine means “hidden”, where the aim is for the operation to not be noticed at all.
Is there a difference between covert action and clandestine collection?
The arguments against doing so suggest that the management of the two activities takes a quite different mindset and skills, in part because clandestine collection almost always is on a slower timeline than covert action. 3 Separate functions during peacetime?
What do you mean by clandestine and stealthy?
It can also be used to describe a set of technologies ( stealth technology) to aid in those tactics. While secrecy and stealthiness are often desired in clandestine and covert operations, the terms secret and stealthy are not used to formally describe types of missions.